Información de la revista
Vol. 21. Núm. 1.
Páginas 43-52 (Enero - Febrero 2007)
Respuestas rápidas
Compartir
Compartir
Descargar PDF
Más opciones de artículo
Vol. 21. Núm. 1.
Páginas 43-52 (Enero - Febrero 2007)
Open Access
Negative mood states and related factors in a sample of adolescent secondary-school students in Barcelona (Spain)
Estados de ánimo negativos y los factores relacionados en una muestra de adolescentes de enseñanza secundaria de Barcelona
Visitas
543
Emily Q. Ahonena,b, Manel Nebota,b,
Autor para correspondencia
mnebot@aspb.es

Correspondence: Dr. Manel Nebot. Evaluation and Intervention Methods Service, Public Health Agency of Barcelona. Príncep d’Asturias, 63. 08012 Barcelona. Spain.
, Emmanuel Giméneza
a Evaluation and Intervention Methods Service, Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
Este artículo ha recibido

Under a Creative Commons license
Información del artículo
Resumen
Bibliografía
Descargar PDF
Estadísticas
Abstract
Introduction

Poor mental health is a common problem in adolescence. Little information is available, however, about the factors influencing negative mood states in otherwise healthy adolescents. We aimed to describe the mood states and related factors in a sample of adolescents in the city of Barcelona (Spain).

Methods

We administered a health survey to a sample of 2,727 students from public, subsidized, and private schools in Barcelona, aged approximately 14, 16, and 18 years old. To analyze the associations among moods and related factors, we used bivariate logistic regression, and fitted multivariate logistic regressions using the statistically significant variables from the bivariate analysis. To examine the possible group effects of the school on individual students, we employed multilevel analysis.

Results

The frequencies of negative mood states increased with age, with girls consistently reporting more frequent negative mood states than boys. The factors associated with negative mood states were problematic alcohol use, perceived mistreatment or abuse, antisocial behavior, intention to use or current use of illegal drugs (not including cannabis), lower perceived academic performance, and feeling isolated.

Conclusions

Mood states are influenced by lifestyle and social factors, about which there is little local information. To plan and implement appropriate public health interventions, more complete information about the possible areas of influence is required. To complement the information obtained from studies such as the present study, longitudinal and qualitative studies would be desirable.

Key words:
Mood states
Adolescents
Mental health
Resumen
Introducción

El deterioro de la salud mental es un problema frecuente en la adolescencia. Sin embargo, se sabe poco de los factores influyentes en los estados de ánimo negativos en adolescentes saludables. Pretendemos describir los estados de ánimo negativos y los factores relacionados en una muestra de adolescentes de la ciudad de Barcelona.

Métodos

Administramos una encuesta de salud a 2.727 estudiantes de escuelas públicas, concertadas y privadas en Barcelona con edades de 14, 16 y 18 años. Usamos análisis regresión logística bivariada para estudiar las relaciones entre los estados de ánimo negativo y los factores relacionados, para ajustar después un modelo logístico multivariante con los factores significativos del análisis bivariado. Para examinar la posible influencia de los factores grupales de los centros escolares en los individuos, hemos empleado el análisis multinivel.

Resultados

Las frecuencias de los estados de ánimo negativos aumentaban con la edad, y las chicas consistentemente relataban estados de ánimo peores que los chicos. El uso problemático del alcohol, el abuso y el maltrato percibido, las conductas antisociales, la intención de usar o el uso actual de drogas ilegales, el bajo rendimiento escolar percibido y el sentirse marginado se relacionaron también con estados de ánimo negativos.

Conclusiones

Hay factores personales, sociales y de estilos de vida, sobre los que tenemos poca información local, que influyen sobre los estados de ánimo. Para planear e implementar intervenciones de salud pública apropiadas, necesitamos una información más completa sobre las áreas de posible influencia. Para complementar la información obtenida en estudios como éste, sería deseable llevar a cabo estudios longitudinales y cualitativos.

Palabras clave:
Estados de ánimo
Adolescentes
Salud mental
El Texto completo está disponible en PDF
References
[1.]
World Health Organization European Ministerial Conference on Mental Health: Facing the Challenges., Building Solutions. Mental Health of Children and Adolescents. Helsinki: WHO; 2004 [accessed 3 Nov 2006]. Available at: www.euro.who.int/document/mnh/ebrief14.pdf
[2.]
The many faces of depression in children and adolescents,
[3.]
G. Saluja, R. Iachan, P.C. Scheidt, M.D. Overpeck, W. Sun, J.N. Giedd.
Prevalence of and risk factors for depressive symptoms among young adolescents.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 158 (2004), pp. 760-765
[4.]
T.L. Brooks, S.K. Harris, J.S. Thrall, E.R. Woods.
Association of adolescent risk behaviors with mental health symptoms in high school students.
J Adolesc Health, 31 (2002), pp. 240-246
[5.]
L.M. Haarasilta, M.J. Marttunen, J.A. Kaprio, H.M. Aro.
Correlates of depression in a representative nationwide sample of adolescents (15-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years).
Eur J Public Health, 14 (2004), pp. 280-285
[6.]
J.L. Rushton, M. Forcier, R.M. Schectman.
Epidemiology of depressive symptoms in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 41 (2002), pp. 199-205
[7.]
P. Hassmen, N. Koivulu, A. Uutela.
Physical excercise and psychological well-being: a population study in Finland.
Prev Med, 30 (2000), pp. 17-25
[8.]
T.C. Camacho, R.E. Roberts, M.B. Lazarus, G.A. Kaplan, R.D. Cohen.
Physical activity and depression: evidence from the Alameda County Study.
Am J Epidemiol, 134 (1991), pp. 220-231
[9.]
R.A. Brown, P.M. Lewinsohn, J.R. Seeley, E.F. Wagner.
Cigarette smoking, major depression, and other psychiatric disorders among adolescents.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 35 (1996), pp. 1602-1610
[10.]
N. Breslau, M.M. Kilbey, P. Andreski.
Nicotine dependence and major depression: new evidence from a prospective investigation.
Arch Gen Psychiatry, 50 (1993), pp. 31-35
[11.]
E.J. Costello, A. Erkanli, E. Federman, A. Angold.
Development of psychiatric comorbidity with substance abuse in adolescents: effects of timing and sex.
J Clin Child Psychol, 28 (1999), pp. 298-311
[12.]
L. Bond, J.B. Carlin, L. Thomas, K. Rubin, G. Patton.
Does bullying cause emotional problems? A prospective study of young teenagers.
BMJ, 23 (2000), pp. 661-674
[13.]
A. Ventura, C. Carcel, R.M. Canals, R. García, C. Pujol, P. Tomas.
Index de capacitat econòmica familiar II.
Ajuntament de Barcelona, (1999),
[14.]
Moreno Rodríguez MC, Muñoz Tinoco MV, Pérez Moreno PJ, Sánchez Queija I. Los adolescents españoles y su salud. Un análisis en chicos y chicas de 11 a 17 años. Summary of the study Health Behaviour in School Aged Children (HBSC-2002). Madrid: Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; 2005 [accessed Nov 3, 2006]. Available at: http://www.hbsc.org/countries/downloads_countries/Spain/adolesEsp_2002.pdf
[15.]
C. Ariza, M. Nebot, J.R. Villalbi, E. Díez, Z. Tomas, S. Valmayor.
Tendencias en el consumo de tabaco, alcohol y cannabis de los escolares de Barcelona (1987-1999).
Gac Sanit, 17 (2003), pp. 190-195
[16.]
M. Nebot, Z. Tomas, C. Ariza, S. Valmayor, M.J. López, O. Juárez.
Factors associated with smoking onset: 3-year cohort study of schoolchildren.
Arch Bronconeumol, 40 (2004), pp. 495-501
[17.]
J.R. Villalbi, J. Barniol, M. Nebot, E. Díez, M. Ballestin.
Tendencias en el tabaquismo de los escolares: Barcelona, 1987-1996.
Aten Primaria, 23 (1999), pp. 359-362
[18.]
O. Juárez, E. Díez, J. Barniol, F. Villamarin, M. Nebot, J.R. Villalbi.
Conductas preventivas de la transmisión sexual de sida, de otras infecciones y del embarazo en estudiantes de secundaria.
Aten Primaria, 24 (1999), pp. 194-202
[19.]
E. Díez, J. Barniol, M. Nebot, O. Juárez, M. Martín, J.R. Villalbi.
Comportamientos relacionados con la salud en estudiantes de secundaria: relaciones sexuales y consumo de tabaco, alcohol y cannabis.
Gac Sanit, 12 (1998), pp. 272-280
[20.]
S. Starkuniene, A. Zaborskis.
Links between accidents and lifestyle factors among Lithuanian schoolchildren.
Medicina (Kaunas), 41 (2005), pp. 73-80
[21.]
E.N. Kuntsche.
Hostility among adolescents in Switzerland? Multivariate relations between excessive media use and forms of violence.
J Adolesc Health, 34 (2004), pp. 230-236
[22.]
T.R. Nansel, M.D. Overpeck, D.C. Hayne, W.J. Ruan, P.C. Scheidt.
Relationships between bullying and violence among U.S. youth.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med, 157 (2003), pp. 348-353
[23.]
T.R. Nansel, M. Overpeck, R.S. Pilla, W.J. Ruan, B. Simons-Morton, P. Scheidt.
Bullying behaviors among US youth: prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment.
JAMA, 285 (2001), pp. 2094-2100
[24.]
F.D. Alsaker.
Bully/victim problems among peers: and how to handle them.
Huber Verlag, (2003),
[25.]
F.D. Alsaker, A. Brunner.
Switzerland.
The nature of school bullying: a cross-national perspective, pp. 250-263
[26.]
D.D. Hallfors, M.W. Waller, C.A. Ford, C.T. Halpern, P.H. Brodish, B. Iritani.
Adolescent depression and suicide risk: association with sex and drug behavior.
Am J Prev Med, 27 (2004), pp. 224-231
[27.]
E.N. Kuntsche, G. Gmel.
Emotional well-being and violence among social and solitary risky single occasion drinkers in adolescence.
[28.]
G. Salmon, A. James, D.M. Smith.
Bullying in schools: self reported anxiety, depression, and self esteem in secondary school children.
BMJ, 317 (1998), pp. 924-925
[29.]
R. Kaltiala-Heino, M. Rimpela, M. Marttunen, A. Rimpela, P. Rantanen.
Bullying, depression and suicidal ideation in Finnish adolescents: school survey.
BMJ, 319 (1999), pp. 348-351
[30.]
D.S. Hawker, M.J. Boulton.
Twenty years’ research on peer victimisation and psychosocial maladjustment: a meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 41 (2000), pp. 441-445
[31.]
L. Shrier, S.K. Harris, M. Sternberg, W.R. Beardslee.
Associations of depression, self-esteem, and substance use with sexual risk among adolescents.
Prev Med, 33 (2001), pp. 179-189
[32.]
E. Kosunen, R. Kaltiala-Heino, M. Rimpela, P. Laippala.
Risktaking sexual behavior and self-reported depression in middle adolescente: a school based survey.
Child Care Health Dev, 29 (2003), pp. 337-344
[33.]
World Health Organization. Health Behavior in School-aged Children: a World Health Organization Cross-Sectional Study; 2001 [accessed 3 Nov 2006]. Available at: www.hbsc. org
[34.]
Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2005 [accessed 3 Nov 2006]. Available at: www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/index.htm and www.cdc.gov/HealthyYouth/yrbs/pdfs/2005itemrationale.pdf
[35.]
M.J. Catalán-Reyes, M.P. Galindo-Villardón.
Utilización de los modelos multinivel en investigación sanitaria.
Gac Sanit, 17 (2003), pp. 35-52

The Spanish version of this article is available in the electronic edition of GACETA SANITARIA (www.doyma.es/gs)

Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
Idiomas
Gaceta Sanitaria
Opciones de artículo
Herramientas
es en

¿Es usted profesional sanitario apto para prescribir o dispensar medicamentos?

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?