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Vol. 18. Núm. 3.
Páginas 166-176 (Mayo - Junio 2004)
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Vol. 18. Núm. 3.
Páginas 166-176 (Mayo - Junio 2004)
Open Access
Efecto de la edad, el sexo y la experiencia de los conductores de 18 a 24 años sobre el riesgo de provocar colisiones entre turismos
The effect of age, sex, and experience on the risk of causing a car collision in drivers aged 18-24 years old
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5406
José Juan Jiménez-Moleóna, Pablo Lardelli-Clareta,
Autor para correspondencia
lardelli@ugr.es

Correspondencia: Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Facultad de Farmacia. Campus de Cartuja, s/n. 18071 Granada. España.
, Juan de Dios Luna-del-Castillob, Miguel García-Martína, Aurora Bueno-Cavanillasa, Ramón Gálvez-Vargasa
a Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública. Universidad de Granada. Granada
b Departamento de Estadística e Investigación Operativa. Universidad de Granada. Granada. España
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Bibliografía
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Resumen
Objetivo

Cuantificar el efecto independiente de la edad, el sexo y la experiencia de los conductores de 18 a 24 años sobre el riesgo de verse activamente involucrados en una colisión entre turismos en España, en un estudio realizado entre 1990 y 1999.

Métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio de casos y controles emparejados a partir de la información contenida en el Registro de accidentes de tráfico con víctimas de la Dirección General de Tráfico. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por los conductores involucrados en aquellas colisiones entre turismos en las que sólo uno de los conductores implicados cometió alguna infracción. Los conductores infractores constituyeron el grupo de casos, y los no infractores implicados en la misma colisión, sus controles emparejados. Tras excluir los casos con información faltante o inconsistente, se dispuso de un total de 123.586 casos y 140.482 controles. Se calculó la odds ratio (OR) cruda y ajustada para cada combinación de la edad del conductor (entre 18 y 24 años), el sexo y los años de antigüedad del permiso (entre 0 y 7).

Resultados

En general, las estimaciones de la OR de los varones fueron superiores a las de las mujeres de igual edad y antigüedad. En los varones se observa que, para cualquier edad, las OR crudas y ajustadas disminuyen significativamente a medida que aumenta el número de años de antigüedad del permiso. En las mujeres se apreció una tendencia similar, aunque con menor claridad. Tras ajustar por el efecto de la experiencia, la edad del conductor no parece estar asociada con el riesgo de verse activamente implicado en la colisión.

Conclusiones

El presente estudio confirma la importancia que tiene la inexperiencia como factor responsable del exceso de accidentalidad en los conductores jóvenes, por encima del efecto atribuible a la edad en sí misma.

Palabras clave:
Accidentes
Tráfico
Riesgo
Odds ratio
Edad
Sexo
Experiencia
Abstract
Objective

To assess the separate effects of age, sex, and experience on the risk of drivers aged 18-24 years being actively involved in a car collision in Spain from 1990 to 1999.

Methods

For this matched case-control study, data were obtained from the Spanish Register of Traffic Crashes with Victims held by the General Directorate of Transport. The study population comprised all drivers involved in car collisions in which only one of the drivers committed a traffic infraction. Drivers who committed infractions constituted the case group while non-infracting drivers involved in the same collision were their corresponding matched controls. Drivers with incomplete or inconsistent data were excluded and a total of 123 586 cases and 140 482 controls was studied. Crude and adjusted (for the effect of potential confounders) odds ratio (OR) were obtained for each combination of driver age (from 18 to 24 years old), sex and years in possession of a driving license (from 0 to 7).

Results

For each category of age and years in possession of a driving license, OR estimates for men were usually higher than those for women. In men, crude and adjusted OR significantly decreased with increasing number of years in possession of a driving license for each age group. A similar but less clear trend was also observed for female drivers. After adjustment for the effect of the number of years in possession of a driving license, driver age did not seem to be strongly associated with the risk of being actively involved in a car collision.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that the effect of inexperience is more important than that of age in explaining the higher risk of being involved in a traffic crash in the youngest drivers.

Key words:
Accidents
Traffic
Risk
Odds ratio
Age
Sex
Experience
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Este estudio ha sido parcialmente financiado por una beca del Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (PI02/0707)

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