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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La utilizaci&#243;n por parte de la poblaci&#243;n de los recursos sanitarios se encuentra relacionada con los niveles de salud y con factores socioecon&#243;micos&#46; Los grupos de poblaci&#243;n con menor nivel socioecon&#243;mico tienen una mayor utilizaci&#243;n de determinados recursos sanitarios&#59; los servicios de urgencia podr&#237;an presentar un uso diferencial entre los distintos grupos de poblaci&#243;n&#46; El presente estudio pretende identificar diferencias en el uso de los recursos de atenci&#243;n urgente entre grupos con diferentes caracter&#237;sticas socioecon&#243;micas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realiza un estudio poblacional&#44; en el que mediante el agrupamiento de las secciones censales de la ciudad de Santander&#44; seg&#250;n variables sociodemogr&#225;ficas &#40;edad&#44; nivel de formaci&#243;n y nivel de empleo&#41;&#44; se establecen &#225;reas de la ciudad con similares caracter&#237;sticas&#44; mediante an&#225;lisis de clusters&#46; Se identifica el origen de los pacientes que consultan en el Servicio de Urgencias Hospitalarias &#40;SUH&#41; del Hospital Marqu&#233;s de Valdecilla&#44; y se calcula la tasa de demanda para cada una de las &#225;reas sociodemogr&#225;ficas&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El an&#225;lisis de clusters es capaz de identificar cuatro agrupaciones de diferentes caracter&#237;sticas socioecon&#243;micas que se ajustan a barrios de la ciudad de Santander&#46; Se aprecia una mayor utilizaci&#243;n del SUH en los grupos sociales m&#225;s desfavorecidos y de mayor edad media &#40;odds ratio &#91;OR&#93; &#61; 1&#44;91&#59; intervalo de confianza &#91;IC&#93; del 95&#37; 1&#44;73&#8211;2&#44;1&#41; de la agrupaci&#243;n 1 con respecto a la 4&#46; La proporci&#243;n de ingresos es superior en las agrupaciones m&#225;s favorecidas&#44; mientras que el n&#250;mero de usuarios que realizan visitas repetidas proceden de agrupaciones con menor nivel socioecon&#243;mico&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusi&#243;n</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La utilizaci&#243;n del SUH est&#225; condicionada por las caracter&#237;sticas sociodemogr&#225;ficas del &#225;rea de residencia&#44; identific&#225;ndose mayor uso entre los grupos de m&#225;s bajo nivel socioecon&#243;mico&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Health resources utilization is related to health conditions and to the population&#39;s sociodemographic characteristics&#46; Low socioeconomic groups show increased utilization of certain resources&#46; Emergency department utilization could also be affected by socioeconomic factors&#46; The aim of this study was to identify differences in emergency department utilization among different socioeconomic groups&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A population-based study was performed&#46; Census sections of the city of Santander in Spain were grouped according to sociodemographic variables &#40;age&#44; educational and professional attinment&#41;&#46; Areas of the city with similar socioeconomic characteristics were established by cluster analysis&#46; The place of residence of patients visiting the emergency department of th Hospital Marqu&#233;s de Valdecilla was identified and the utilization rate was calculated for each cluster&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Cluster analysis was able to identify four different groups&#44; each with different socioeconomic characteristics&#44; which were closely related to the districts of Santander&#46; Comparison of clusters 1 and 4 showed that increased emergency department utilization was found amongst groups with lowest socioeconomic status and higher mean age&#44; with an odds ratio of 1&#46;91 &#40;95&#37; CI&#58; 1&#46;73&#8211;2&#46;1&#41;&#46; Patients from higher socioeconomic groups were more likely to be admitted to hospital while those from lower socioeconomic groups made more repeat visits to the emergency department&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Emergency department utilization is affected by the sociodemographic characteristics of patients&#39; area of residence&#46; Patients with lower socioeconomic status show greater use of the emergency department&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 16. Issue 2.
Pages 139-144 (March - April 2002)
Vol. 16. Issue 2.
Pages 139-144 (March - April 2002)
Open Access
Frecuentación del servicio de urgencias y factores sociodemográficos
Use of emergency medical service and sociodemographic factors
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T. Braunaa,
Corresponding author
Thomas.Braun@uni-bonn.de

Correspondencia: Thomas Braun. Institut für Wirtschaftsgeographie der Universität Bonn. Meckenheimer Allee, 166. 53115 Bonn. Alemania.
, L. García Castrillo-Riesgobb, T. Krafftaa, G. Díaz-Regañón Vilchesbb
a Instituto de Geografía. Universidad de Bonn. Alemania.
b Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla. Santander.
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Resumen
Objetivos

La utilización por parte de la población de los recursos sanitarios se encuentra relacionada con los niveles de salud y con factores socioeconómicos. Los grupos de población con menor nivel socioeconómico tienen una mayor utilización de determinados recursos sanitarios; los servicios de urgencia podrían presentar un uso diferencial entre los distintos grupos de población. El presente estudio pretende identificar diferencias en el uso de los recursos de atención urgente entre grupos con diferentes características socioeconómicas.

Material y métodos

Se realiza un estudio poblacional, en el que mediante el agrupamiento de las secciones censales de la ciudad de Santander, según variables sociodemográficas (edad, nivel de formación y nivel de empleo), se establecen áreas de la ciudad con similares características, mediante análisis de clusters. Se identifica el origen de los pacientes que consultan en el Servicio de Urgencias Hospitalarias (SUH) del Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, y se calcula la tasa de demanda para cada una de las áreas sociodemográficas.

Resultados

El análisis de clusters es capaz de identificar cuatro agrupaciones de diferentes características socioeconómicas que se ajustan a barrios de la ciudad de Santander. Se aprecia una mayor utilización del SUH en los grupos sociales más desfavorecidos y de mayor edad media (odds ratio [OR] = 1,91; intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95% 1,73–2,1) de la agrupación 1 con respecto a la 4. La proporción de ingresos es superior en las agrupaciones más favorecidas, mientras que el número de usuarios que realizan visitas repetidas proceden de agrupaciones con menor nivel socioeconómico.

Conclusión

La utilización del SUH está condicionada por las características sociodemográficas del área de residencia, identificándose mayor uso entre los grupos de más bajo nivel socioeconómico.

Palabras clave:
Análisis de clusters
Nivel socioeconómico
España
Urgencias
Sistemas de información
Summary
Objectives

Health resources utilization is related to health conditions and to the population's sociodemographic characteristics. Low socioeconomic groups show increased utilization of certain resources. Emergency department utilization could also be affected by socioeconomic factors. The aim of this study was to identify differences in emergency department utilization among different socioeconomic groups.

Material and methods

A population-based study was performed. Census sections of the city of Santander in Spain were grouped according to sociodemographic variables (age, educational and professional attinment). Areas of the city with similar socioeconomic characteristics were established by cluster analysis. The place of residence of patients visiting the emergency department of th Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla was identified and the utilization rate was calculated for each cluster.

Results

Cluster analysis was able to identify four different groups, each with different socioeconomic characteristics, which were closely related to the districts of Santander. Comparison of clusters 1 and 4 showed that increased emergency department utilization was found amongst groups with lowest socioeconomic status and higher mean age, with an odds ratio of 1.91 (95% CI: 1.73–2.1). Patients from higher socioeconomic groups were more likely to be admitted to hospital while those from lower socioeconomic groups made more repeat visits to the emergency department.

Conclusion

Emergency department utilization is affected by the sociodemographic characteristics of patients' area of residence. Patients with lower socioeconomic status show greater use of the emergency department.

Key words:
Cluster analysis
Socioeconomic status
Spain
Emergency medical services
Information systems
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Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por la Universidad de Bonn y el Ministerium für Frauen, Jugend, Familie und Gesundheit, Nordrhein-Westfalen (Ministerio para la Mujer, Juventud, Familia y Salud del Estado de Nordrhein-Westfalen).

Copyright © 2002. Sociedad Española de Salud Pública y Administración Sanitaria
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