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Vol. 35. Issue 5.
Pages 506-507 (September - October 2021)
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Vol. 35. Issue 5.
Pages 506-507 (September - October 2021)
Letter to the editor
Open Access
Gender of Highly Cited Researchers focused on the cross-filed category
Género de investigadores altamente citados centrado en la categoría de archivos cruzados
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Amrollah Shamsi
Medical Library & Information Sciences, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Table 1. Distribution of highly cited researchers in individual fields compared to previous results.2
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Dear Editor,

In 2018, «for the first time, Highly Cited Researchers —a list of elite scientists and social scientists identified through analysis of highly cited papers(those ranking in the top 1% by citations for field and year in Web of Science)— a new Cross-Field category to identify researchers with substantial influence across several fields but who do not have enough highly cited papers in any one field to be chosen during the last decade was introduced».1 Given that highly cited researchers (HCR) have the greatest share in the highest cited papers, we selected them for our study. Total of 6079 HCR, 2020 researcher located in the Cross-field (C-F). Although previous studies have examined the gender distribution of HCR in 2014.2 However, due to the nature of new the interdisciplinary category (C-F) and the category has not been studied, we conducted this scientometric study to showing of representation of women in HCR with focused on C-F category.

We aimed to reduce the error in determining the authors’ gender, HCR were searched manually and their gender was identified by personal, academic, institutes and scientific centers, Google Scholar and ResearchGate. Researchers were divided into groups A (HCR on the main categories) and group B (HCR on C-F category).

Gender of HCR identified (98.25%) in the group A and group B was 3988 (98.25%) and 2000 (99%), respectively. Group A including 89.03% male and 10.97% female and group B has 85.45% male and 14.55% female. The results showed that (without C-F category), women in two-thirds of the categories had a slower growth compared to previous results2 (Table 1). Also, results showed that there is a significant relationship between gender of women and categories (p <0.001), so that a higher percentage of C-F women (14.55%) than to main fields for women were women (10.97%). Also, women were 30% more likely to be in the C-F than men.

Table 1.

Distribution of highly cited researchers in individual fields compared to previous results.2

Fields  Women (%)  Men (%)  Total 
Biology & Biochemistry (n=252)  ↑ 20.63  79.37  100 
       
Social Sciences, general (n=209)  ↓ 20.10  79.90  100 
       
Psychiatry/Psychology(n=156)  ↑ 19.87  80.13  100 
       
Molecular Biology & Genetics (n=246)  ↓ 17.89  82.11  100 
       
Microbiology (n=147)  ↓ 17.01  82.99  100 
       
Immunology (n=146)  ↑ 15.07  84.93  100 
       
Agricultural Sciences (n=157)  ↓ 14.65  85.35  100 
       
Cross-Filed (n=2000)  14.55  85.45  100 
       
Pharmacology & Toxicology (n=154)  ↑ 13.64  86.36  100 
       
Neuroscience & Behavior (n=197)  ↑ 12.69  87.31  100 
       
Geosciences (n=178)  ↓ 11.80  88.20  100 
       
Clinical Medicine (n=496)  ↓ 11.09  88.91  100 
       
Plant & Animal Science (n=219)  ↓ 10.96  89.04  100 
       
Environment/Ecology (n=185)  ↓ 10.27  89.73  100 
       
All fields (n=5988)All fields without C-F (n=3988)C-F (n=2000)  11.13↓ 10.9714.55  88.8789.0385.45  100100100 

Given that C-F researchers active in several fields in certain data, it seems our finding about of distribution of gender on the C-F category may be related with multitasking,3 task switching,3 and focus on activities4 and be helpful for explaining these issues in gender difference. Although the representation of women authors in productions is lower than men5 and gender gaps is expanding between HCR, the findings showed that a more promising situation in C-F category for women. As well as, our findings mentioned that alarming status for non-medical and health fields for HCR females compared to previous study2 and the growth of male-dominated in these categories. However, although women have fewer publications than men, their quality and impact in scientific output should not be overlooked.5

Authorship contributions

This paper has a one author (A. Shamsi).

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Clinical Research Development Center, Shohadaye Khalije Fars Hospital, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran and Dr N. Mohammad Gholi Mezerji for statistical analysis.

References
[1]
Global Highly Cited Researchers 2018 List reveals influential scientific researchers and their institutions. (Accessed 2/2/2019.) Available from: https://clarivate.com/news/global-highly-cited-researchers-2018-list-reveals-influential-scientific-researchers-and-their-institutions.
[2]
L. Bornmann, J. Bauer, R. Haunschild.
Distribution of women and men among highly cited scientists.
Journal of the Association for Information Science & Technology., 66 (2015), pp. 2715-2716
[3]
G. Stoet, D.B. O’Connor, M. Conner, et al.
Are women better than men at multi-tasking?.
BMC Psychology., 1 (2013), pp. 18
[4]
M. Ingalhalikar, A. Smith, D. Parker, et al.
Sex differences in the structural connectome of the human brain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A., 111 (2014), pp. 823-828
[5]
J.J. Alarco, E.V. Alvarez-Andrade, H. Arroyo-Hernandez.
Gender differences in Peruvian researchers according to Google Scholar, 2015.
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